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近日，BBC发起了一项针对社会阶级的调查，宣称采用了更为科学的方式去调查和分析当今社会的阶级问题，将英国人分为7个阶级。BBC表示，传统概念上的有产、中产和劳工阶级分类法已经不再适用。
“双语·智库”第二十五期，Yee君带你来了解下这7个阶级是如何划分的，文末还有小测试，欢迎来测测你属于哪一阶级↓
People in the UK now fit into seven social classes, a major survey conducted by the BBC suggests. It says the traditional categories of working, middle, and upper class are outdated, fitting 39% of people.
BBC进行的一项大型调查显示，如今英国人可以分成7个社会阶级，并称传统工人阶级、中产阶级和上层阶级的分类已经过时，只适合39%的人群。
It found a new model of seven social classes ranging from the elite at the top to a "precariat" - the poor, precarious proletariat - at the bottom.
调查采用了新的等级模式，将英国人分为7个社会阶级，最顶层是精英阶级，最底层是贫困、不稳定的无产阶级。
More than 161,000 people took part in the Great British Class Survey, the largest study of class in the UK.
16.1万余人参与了“英国阶级调查”，这是英国规模最大的阶级调研。
Class has traditionally been defined by occupation, wealth and education. But this research argues that this is too simplistic, suggesting that class has three dimensions - economic, social and cultural.
传统上的阶级划分依据是职位、财富和教育背景，但此次研究却认为这种划分方法过于简单化，指出阶级包含三个维度：经济、社会与文化。
The BBC Lab UK study measured economic capital - income, savings, house value - and social capital - the number and status of people someone knows. It also measured cultural capital, defined as the extent and nature of cultural interests and activities.
这项由BBC Lab UK发起的研究衡量了经济资本、社会资本和文化资本。经济资本包括收入、存款、房屋价值等要素，社会资本包括所接触人员的数量和地位，文化资本则包括文化兴趣及活动的广度与属性。
BBC研究表明，当今英国社会实际可以分为七大阶级：
Elite 精英阶级
Established Middle Class 固有中产阶级
Technical Middle Class 技术型中产阶级
New Affluent Workers 新兴富有工薪阶级
Emergent Service Workers 新兴服务业工薪阶级
Traditional Working Class 传统工人阶级
Precariat 无产阶级
The new classes are defined as:
新阶级的定义如下：
Elite 精英阶级
The most privileged group in the UK, distinct from the other six classes through its wealth. This group has the highest levels of all three capitals
是英国最有权势的群体，财富水平明显有别于其他6个阶级，他们的经济、社会和文化资本水平均为最高。
They are the UK's biggest earners
他们的收入在英国排名靠前
They score highest for social, cultural and economic factors
他们的社会、文化和经济资本得分最高
Many went to private school and elite universities - 24% of people in this group were privately educated, far more than in any other class group
很多这一阶级的人上私立学校和精英大学，其中24%的精英人士接受的是私人教育，这一比例远高于其他阶级
This class is most likely to be found in London and the home counties
这一阶级的人主要分布在伦敦及周围各郡
This group is exclusive and very hard to join, most come from very privileged background
精英群体比较排外，外人很难加入他们的社交圈，大都有十分显赫的背景
97% of people in this group own their own home
97%的精英人士拥有自己的房产
Established middle class 固有中产阶级
The second wealthiest, scoring highly on all three capitals. The largest and most gregarious group, scoring second highest for cultural capital.
财富排名第二的阶级，三项资本因素的得分都很高。最大、最合群的群体，文化资本排名第二。
People in this group enjoy a diverse range of cultural activities
这个群体喜欢参与各类文化活动
They socialise with a broad range of people
他们的社交范围非常广泛
Many work in management or the traditional professions
许多人从事管理岗位或传统职业
Most come from middle class backgrounds
他们大多是中产阶级出身
They often live outside urban areas
通常住在市区以外的地区
Technical middle class 技术型中产阶级
A small, distinctive new class group which is prosperous but scores low for social and cultural capital. Distinguished by its social isolation and cultural apathy.
一个规模不大却特色明显的新兴阶级类型，经济资本相对富有，但同时社会和文化资本略有不足。这一阶级的人社交层面相对局限，对文化生活追求有限。
People in this group tend to mix socially with people similar to themselves
这个群体的社交对象大多是与自己出身背景相似的人
They prefer emerging culture, such as using social media, to highbrow culture such as listening to classical music
与听古典音乐等高雅文化相比，他们更喜欢社交媒体之类的新兴文化
Many people in this group work in research, science and technical occupations
很多这一阶级的人从事研究、科学、技术类职业
They tend to live in suburban locations, often in the south east of England
喜欢住在郊区，一般集中在英格兰东南部
They come from largely middle class backgrounds
他们大部分出身于中产阶级
New affluent workers 新兴富有工薪阶级
A young class group which is socially and culturally active, with middling levels of economic capital.
这一阶级的人相对年轻化，活跃于社会和文化活动，经济资本处于中等水平。
This youthful class group is economically secure, without being well off
这一年轻阶级经济相对稳定，但并不富足
These people have high scores for emerging culture, such as watching sport, going to gigs and using social media
他们在新兴文化方面得分较高，如看体育赛事、参加爵士或摇滚演奏会、使用社交媒体等
They do not tend to participate in highbrow culture, such as classical music and theatre
不太喜欢参加古典音乐、剧院等高雅文化活动
People in this group are likely to come from a working class background
这一阶级的人基本来自工薪阶级
Many people in this group live in old manufacturing centres of the UK in the Midlands and North West
很多这一阶级的人居住在英国中部和西北部的旧制造业中心
Emergent service workers 新兴服务业工薪阶级
A new, young, urban group which is relatively poor but has high social and cultural capital
一个新兴的、年轻的城市阶级，他们相对贫穷但拥有很高的社会和文化资本
This is the youngest of all the class groups
这一阶级是所有阶级里最年轻的
People in this group have the highest score for emerging culture, which includes going to gigs, using social media and playing sport
这一阶级的人在新兴文化中得分最高，包括参加音乐会，使用社交媒体、爱运动
They are an urban group, living in inexpensive locations in large cities like Liverpool and Newcastle
他们在城市生活，住在利物浦、纽卡斯尔这样的大城市中的便宜住处
They socialise with a broad range of people
他们的社交范围很广
Jobs in this group include chefs, nursing auxiliaries and production assistants
这一阶级的人从事的职业包括厨师、助理护士和制作助理等
Traditional working class 传统工人阶级
Scores low on all forms of capital, but is not completely deprived. Its members have reasonably high house values, explained by this group having the oldest average age at 66
在各项资本中得分均不高，但他们却不是最穷的那部分人。他们有价值较高的房产，平均年龄66岁，是当下平均年龄最高的阶级。
Many people in this group own their own home
这一阶级的大多数人有自己的房产
They tend to mix socially with people like themselves
他们倾向于和同阶级的人交往
They tend not to enjoy emerging culture, such as going to the gym or using social media
他们往往不喜欢新兴文化，比如去健身房或使用社交媒体
This group has the oldest average age
他们是平级年龄最高的阶级
Jobs in this group include lorry drivers, cleaners and electricians
这一阶级的人从事的职业包括卡车司机、清洁工和电工
Precariat, or precarious proletariat
无产阶级或不稳定的无产阶级
The poorest, most deprived class, scoring low for social and cultural capital
最贫穷、资源最匮乏的阶级，在社会和文化资本中分值都很低
They tend to mix socially with people like them
他们倾向于和同阶级的人交往
Jobs in this group include cleaner, van driver and care worker
这一阶级的人从事的工作包括清洁工、货车司机和护工等
They tend not to have a broad range of cultural interests
他们没有太广泛的文化爱好
People in this group often live in old industrial areas away from urban centres
这一阶级的人通常住在远离市中心的老工业区
More than 80% rent their home
80%的人租房住
